This paper is a reprint gleaned from the personal Website of University of Hawaii Professor Shang Ping Xie, who recently published an article on the 3,000 km wake in the Pacific Ocean caused by the Hawaiian Islands. This earlier article, from Journal of Climate, covers a slightly different topic. It discusses interannual variability in intensity and latitude of the Inter-Tropical Convergence Zone...

Scientists have uncovered evidence of a long-term climate pattern in the North Pacific Ocean. Known as the Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO), this long-term ocean fluctuation waxes and wanes roughly every 20 to 30 years, and has been shown to have an important influence on salmon abundance. While the El Nino of the southern Pacific Ocean may appear for a year and then disappear, the PDO tends to...