This report was prepared by the Human-Computer Interaction and Information Management (HCI&IM) Coordinating Group and released in October 2003. It identifies the main challenges facing research and development in HCI&IM and provides motivation for greater U.S. government efforts in this area. The report highlights some of the benefits for HCI&IM advancement, including revolutionizing scientific research, "expanding the science and engineering knowledge base," and adding to the efficiency and productivity of the workforce. Existing research and development endeavors are discussed and the need for additional investment is asserted.